Hydraulic Component System

A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts, namely power element, actuator, control element, auxiliary element and hydraulic oil.

The function of the power element is to convert the mechanical energy of the prime mover into the pressure energy of the liquid, which refers to the oil pump in the hydraulic system. It provides power to the entire hydraulic system. The structural forms of hydraulic pumps generally include gear pumps, vane pumps and plunger pumps.

The function of actuators (such as Hydraulic Cylinders and hydraulic motors) is to convert the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy and drive the load to make linear reciprocating or rotary motion.

The control element (i.e. various hydraulic valves) controls and regulates the pressure, flow and direction of the liquid in the hydraulic system. According to different control functions, hydraulic valves can be divided into pressure control valves, flow control valves and directional control valves. Pressure control valves are further divided into overflow valves (safety valves), pressure reducing valves, sequence valves, pressure relays, etc.: flow control valves include throttle valves, regulating valves, diversion and collection valves, etc.; directional control valves include check valves, hydraulic control check valves, shuttle valves, reversing valves, etc. According to different control methods, hydraulic valves can be divided into switch control valves, fixed value control valves and proportional control valves.

Auxiliary components include oil tanks, oil filters, oil pipes and pipe joints, sealing rings, pressure gauges, oil level and oil temperature gauges, etc.

Hydraulic oil is the working medium for transmitting energy in the hydraulic system. There are several major categories such as various mineral oils, emulsions, and synthetic hydraulic oils.